L485 paipa maitai mo te ahumahi hinu
L485 Pipeline Steel, E pa ana ki te ahua o te maitai me nga whakaritenga motuhake e whakamahia ana mo te kawe hinu, te hau taiao me etahi atu paipa.E ai ki te matotoru me te hanganga o muri mai me etahi atu waahanga, ka taea te whakaputa e te mira hurihuri wera, te mira steckel, te mira pereti ranei, ka hangaia e te raima torino, te UOE ranei te hononga tui tika o te putorino maitai rahi.
L485 Pipeline Steel, Whakataki Ki Te
Ko te kawe paipa me te kawe tereina, te kawe i te huarahi, te kawe i te wai me te waka rererangi kua whakarārangihia hei huarahi kawe waka hou e rima.Mai i te paipa ahumahi taketake tae noa mai ki naianei, kua tata ki te rua rau tau te whanaketanga o te hanga paipa hinu me te hau.Ko te hanga me te tono o te paipa paipa i timata i te mutunga o Haina, a kaore he tino hanga paipa paipa i mua i te tau 1985. Heoi, i nga tau kua pahure ake nei, kua tere te whakawhanaketanga, te whanaketanga me te tono o te paipa paipa i Haina.Na te whakatairanga o nga kaupapa paipa nui penei i te paipa o te uru, te uru-rawhiti o te hau ki te uru me te uru-rawhiti o te hau ki te uru ki te raina tuarua, te hanga me te tono o te paipa paipa X60, X70 me te X80 kua oti katoa, me nga hua rangahau. o X100 me X120 kua whiwhi.
L485 Pipeline Steel, Momo Tiu
L485 Pipeline Steel, Ko te hanganga whakahaere te turanga mo te whakatau i tana mahi me te ratonga haumaru.I tenei wa, ka taea te wehewehe i nga tira paipa ki nga waahanga e wha e whai ake nei i runga i o raatau microstructure:
1. Ferritic pearlite pipeline maitai
Ko te maitai paipa pearlite ferritic te hanganga taketake o te paipa paipa i whakawhanakehia i mua i nga tau 1960.Ko te X52 me te rino paipa he iti ake te kaha o te karaehe he pearlite ferritic katoa.Ko ona waahanga matua ko te waro me te konupora, me te ihirangi waro (hautanga papatipu, he rite ki raro) ko te 0.10% ki te 0.20%, me te konupora he 1.30% ki te 1.70%.I te nuinga o te waa ka whakamahia te wera o te wera, te wera ranei o te tukanga maimoatanga.I te wa e hiahiatia ana te kaha ake, ko te rohe o runga o te ihirangi waro ka hiahiatia, ka taapirihia ranei te niobium me te vanadium ki te punaha manganese.Ko nga tira paipa pearlite Ferritic e kiia ana he ferrite polygonal me te rahi o te witi o te 7μm me te pearlite me te hautanga rōrahi o te 30%.Ko nga tira paipa pearlite ferritic noa he 5LB, X42, X52, X60, X60 me X70.
2. Acicular ferrite pipeline maitai
I timata te rangahau mo te paipa paipa acicular ferritic i te mutunga o te tekau tau atu i 1960, ka whakauruhia ki nga mahi ahumahi i te timatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1970.I taua wa, ko te punaha konupora - niobium i runga i te E i whakawhanakehia te waro iti.I roto i te mn-Mo-Nb microalloy pipeline maitai, ka taea e te taapiri o te molybdenum te whakaheke i te pāmahana huringa ki te aukati i te hanganga ferrite polygonal, te whakatairanga i te huringa ferrite acicular, me te whakapai ake i te kaha o te rerenga o te waro me te niobium nitride, kia nui ake ai te kaha o te maitai. me te whakaiti i te pakaritanga me te werawera whakawhiti.Kua tata ki te 40 tau te hanga o tenei hangarau whakarewa molybdenum.I nga tau tata nei, kei te puta mai ano tetahi atu hangarau pāmahana teitei hei whiwhi ferrite acicular.Ka taea e ia te tiki ferrite acicular i te teitei o te pāmahana hurihuri ma te whakamahi i te hangarau whakarewa niobium teitei.Ko nga tira paipa ferrite acicular noa ko X70 me X80.
3. Bainite - martensite pipeline maitai
Na te whakawhanaketanga o te pehanga teitei me te rere nui o te paipa paipa hau me te whai ki te whakaheke i te utu o te hanga paipa, kaore e taea e te hanganga ferrite acicular te whakatutuki i nga whakaritenga.I te mutunga o te rau tau 1900, ka puta mai tetahi momo rino paipa kaha tino teitei.Ko nga tohu maitai ko te X100 me te X120.Ko te X100 te tuatahi i korerohia e SMI i Hapani i te 1988. I muri i nga tau o te rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga, i whakatakotoria tuatahi te paipa X100 ki te waahanga whakamatautau miihini i 2002. I timata a ExxonMobil o te United States i te rangahau mo te paipa paipa X120 i te tau 1993, a i roto i te 1996, i mahi tahi me SMI me NSC o Japan ki te whakatairanga tahi i te tukanga rangahau o X120.I roto i te 2004, X120 maitai i whakatakotoria mo te wa tuatahi i roto i te wāhanga pairati o te paipa.
I roto i te hoahoa hanganga o te paipa paipa bainite-martensitic, kua tohua te huinga tino pai o te waro - manganese - parahi - nickel - molybdenum - niobium - vanadium - titanium - boron.Ko te hoahoa o tenei koranu e tino whakamahi ana i nga ahuatanga nui o te boron i roto i nga nekehanga whakawhiti waahanga.Ko te taapiri o te trace boron (ωB=0.0005% ~ 0.003%) ka taea te aukati i te nucleation o te ferrite i runga i te rohe o te witi austenite me te huri i te pihi ferrite ki te taha matau. Ahakoa i te waro iti-iti (ωC=0.003%), Ko te arai whakawhiti bainite ka whakaparahatia ma te whakaheke i te paemahana whakamahana whakamutunga (& LT; 300 ℃) me te whakapai ake i te reiti whakamahana (> 20 ℃/s), ka taea hoki te tiki mai i te bainite raro me te hanga martensite lath.Ko nga tira paipa paipa paipa noa (B -- M) he X100 me X120.
4. Tempered sophorite pipeline maitai
Na te whanaketanga o te hapori, ka hiahiatia te paipa paipa kia kaha ake te kaha me te uaua.Mena kaore e taea e te hangarau hurihuri me te whakamahana te whakatutuki i enei whakaritenga, ka taea te tango i te tukanga maimoatanga wera o te tiini me te whakamahana ki te whakatutuki i nga whakaritenga matawhānui o te pakitara matotoru, te kaha nui me te tino uaua ma te hanga i te sorbitite.I roto i te paipa paipa, tenei sortensite homogenous, mohiotia hoki rite martensite homogenous, he ahua whakahaere o ultra-tiketike pai pipeline maitai X120.
Hangahanga matū
L245 Pipeline Steel, tātai tātai taumaha :[(te diameter o waho - te matotoru pakitara)* te matotoru o te pakitara]*0.02466=kg/m (taimaha ia mita)
| Hanganga matū (hautau papatipu)…/% | waro ōrite(CEV) | |||||||||||||||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | V | Ti | Cr | Ni | Cu | N | Mo | B | Als | ||||
| iti iho i te rite ranei |
| iti iho i te rite ranei | ||||||||||||||||
| Q345 | A | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
|
|
| 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.012 | 0.1 |
|
| 0.45 | |
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 |
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
| C | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 0.2 |
| 0.015 | |||||||||||
| D | 0.18 | 0.03 | 0.025 |
| ||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.02 |
| |||||||||||||||
| Q390 | A | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.07 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.015 | 0.1 |
|
| 0.46 | |
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 |
|
| ||||||||||||||
| C | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| 0.015 | ||||||||||||||
| D | 0.03 | 0.025 |
| |||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.02 |
| |||||||||||||||
| Q420 | A | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.07 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.015 | 0.2 |
|
| 0.48 | |
| B | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| 0.015 | ||||||||||||||
| C | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| |||||||||||||||
| D | 0.03 | 0.025 |
| |||||||||||||||
| E | 25 | 0.02 |
| |||||||||||||||
| Q450 | C | 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.015 | 0.2 | 0.005 | 0.015 | 0.53 | |
| D | 0.03 | 0.025 | ||||||||||||||||
| E | 0.025 | 0.02 | ||||||||||||||||
Whakaatu Hua
